King Philip's War - summer of 1676 ~ Metacom/King Philip
Vicious war/Mohegan Indians vs. the English.
More of a genocidal mission than a war.
Grandson of the same Indian man who contributed to the survival of the Pilgrims at Plymouth is sold into slavery...
Nathaniel Bacon's Rebellion
~ 1676
~ Governor Berkeley
limits colonist expansion! Hinders growth!
~ Bacon raises troops abd goes to kill Indians. Berkeley declares Bacon an outlaw. Bacon retaliates by burning down Berkeley's house. This causes British troops to come. Bacon dies of dysentery while before he was captured by the opposing forces.
THEME: Government limiting power to a people. (Lead up to revolution!)
Salem Witch Trials
~ Demonstrates the power of religion in the governments.
~ Important: shows the dangers of the Church/state connection.
~ Started by three girls being strange, fulfilling their own amusement. 20 people died. :(
~ When church is the law, then people will be put to death for religious reasons and judgement will be less logical, causing corruption & accusations.
The Great Awakening
~ Jonathan Edwards sparked a widespread, religious revival in the 1740's.
Wrote "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God."
~ Leads to the founding of many universities: Princeton, Brown, Rotgers, Dartmouth, among others. All very high-ranking schools in the modern day. (EXPENSIVE) O_o
~ Divisions of Church/State
~ Spirit of religious tolerance.
John Peter Zenger and his Printing
~ Put on trial for printing "advertisements" or political cartoons in 1732.
~ Freedom of the press.
~ Zenger was defended by Andrew Hamilton and won the case.
French and Indian War - (Lots of notes on a different post...)
~ The defining battle for world domination between British and French.
~ Things don't go the English way. They had more colonists in America than the French. However, the French had better relations with the Natives, and were more organizing. The English had more greed for land and goods than the French did.
~ Need to Know: William Pitt --> Pittsburgh! :O
Recognized for the conquest of North America.
Capable of borrowing/raising money to win the war. Thinks not of the future, which leads to overproduction to force out the opposer, yet leaves tons of debt later.
Other Generals vital to winning the war:
James Wolfe
Jeffery Amherst <-- first person to practice biological warfare. Intentionally gave blankets to the Indians that were infested with small pox. :(
Small pox kills at least one-third of Washington's soldiers at Valley Forge.
Taxation
No one likes taxes!
Colonists believed that the local governments were the only ones to taxes them. The King had no right to tax them to pay for the French and Indian War.
Sugar Act
Met with protests. Not as easily seen as Stamp act.
Townsend Acts
Follows the Stamp Act.
Stamp Act
Everything printed: Reels, Marriage certificates, playing cards, letters. All taxed and the colonists went nuts! Riots, Governor Hutchinson's house destroyed by a mob. Officers that issued stamps were run out of town and burnt.
Tea Act
Tea act acted as a way for Britain to help the East Indian Company to survive as a business.
Intolerable Acts
~Close down Boston Harbor.
No imports for the colony.
~Revoked the Massachusetts Charter.
The land is now the property of the King and there is no local command/government anymore. Insult to the colonists. Colonists forced to quarter soldiers in their houses without consent.
~ Administration of Justice Act
People who rebelled would be tried in English since the colonists would be biased to putting their peers on trial.
~ Quebec Act
Gave lands of the Ohio country to Quebec, which is French territory. HUGE INSULT TO THE AMERICANS! The land was the main reason the colonists wanted to get the French out of the area. Severely limits Westward expansion.
Boston Tea Party
Throw the tea off the ship! Sons of liberty organized this in accordance to the tea act.
Sons of Liberty - Group set up by Samuel Adams
James Otis - Comes up with the statement "No taxation without representation!" Has mental problems, not as important to the Revolution as others.
Crispus Attucks - One of the five killed in the Boston Massacre. Only one of the group that was African-American.
Paul Revere - Made the Boston Massacre propaganda poster. Most famous for riding in the middle of the night shouting and screaming about the British arrival.
Shot Heard 'Round the World - Lexington & Concord `-` April 1775
~ 77 militia men from America against the British army of 4000+ troops.
~ Americans start employing the guerilla warfare of the Indians, shooting the British army from cover such as trees and palisades. This drives the English forces back to Boston. America is just being unfair... >:[
Monday 26 September 2011
Wednesday 21 September 2011
Massacre at Mystic ~_~
1. How would you describe relationships between the Puritan settlers and the Pequot
before the Pequot War? Why do you think these relationships changed so quickly?
before the Pequot War? Why do you think these relationships changed so quickly?
There was a little tension between each other because they were a little scared of these people that they have never seen before. But there was relative peace between them due to trade system.
2. Before the arrival of the British, what was the status of the Pequot in the
Connecticut River Valley? How would you describe their relationships with other
Native American tribes?
They had rivalries with the Narragansett and the Mohican who later joined the colonists in burning down their village.
3. Why did the Puritans travel to the New World? What were their intentions upon
arrival?
They wanted to come and purify the church, and spread the religion in uncharted territories.
4. Compare and contrast Puritan and Pequot ideas about the following: land and
property, division of labor and gender, and warfare? Give examples to back up
your discussion.
Pequot people had women do work and were treated as equals. Puritans felt this demeaning and thought the Pequot women were babying their men who were actually out in the fields hunting for food. The land was there for the natives to live in and wasn't a possession for any man, but the Puritans felt that they could own the land. They also figured that the land occupied by the natives was fair game since they believed that no one can truly own an area without manipulating the land to grow crops or build housing on.
5. In this program, one commentator suggests that the Dutch colonists favored trade,
while the British prioritized land. How did the difference in focus shape their
interactions with Native Americans, and their goals in the New World?
The Dutch were viewed better by the natives since they had cooperation with each other that was excellent. They gave them the goods they needed and got the same in return.
6. Why were British settlers unhappy with the way Pequot organized their economy
and relationship to the land? Do you think there was any validity to their concerns?
Who do you think, if anyone, ultimately had the right to decide who should
control the land?
Because they figured that no one could really own the land until they cultivated it and readied it for a harvest season. If they didn't build anything or use it to feed themselves/others it was fair game. So the British people felt they could swoop in and take it for themselves and claim it by establishing farms. They also felt that women shouldn't be equal and doing the work that men should be doing. The men were also viewed as spoiled because they looked like they were being 'babied' even though they were out in the fields hunting and gathering and coming home in the late hours. The natives should have a say in who deserved control over the land, however, the native people felt that no one could control or own the land. Since the natives had led their lives in that continent for a considerably long time, they should have higher priority over the new British colonists.
7. Why do you think the Narragansett and Mohegan tribes fought with the Puritans
against the Pequot? Were you surprised by their actions? Discuss.
Because they were long time rivals. This isn't surprising because if you asked the Joker to team up with you and your army to take out Batman and Robin, it's highly unlikely that he'd say no.
8. One commentator, Tall Oak, ponders how the early colonies would have been
different if the Puritans had come in peace. How would you answer this question?
Do you think a different outcome in relations between the Pequot and the Puritans
was possible?
They wouldn't have been so hungry for land and control. They could have spared the Natives and made companions which would have given them a boost in supplies and necessities. A different outcome was very possible if the colonists just focused on building a strong settlement in the
9. How did the Pequot manage to resurrect their community hundreds of years after
the massacre? How do you think it would feel to go from devastation to prosperity?
There were a very small number of ancestors that made it out of the burnt village. They had been given a piece of land by the government several years after the massacre and many people banded together to make it a prosperous group. It grew and grew and grew and started to resurrect what was thought to be a long lost culture. Pretty soon, the tribe started to become wealthy and build casinos!
9. How did the Pequot manage to resurrect their community hundreds of years after
the massacre? How do you think it would feel to go from devastation to prosperity?
There were a very small number of ancestors that made it out of the burnt village. They had been given a piece of land by the government several years after the massacre and many people banded together to make it a prosperous group. It grew and grew and grew and started to resurrect what was thought to be a long lost culture. Pretty soon, the tribe started to become wealthy and build casinos!
10. Describe the details of the 1638 Treaty of Hartford, which ended the war. Why
was the treaty considered to be cultural genocide for the Pequot?
It stated that all the men who fought against the English in the war who didn't already die, were to be sold into slavery around other colonies or in the Caribbean. Women and Children who survived were to be given as servants to the Mohican and Narragansett tribes.
11. What sources do you think historians used in order to recount the story of the
massacre at Mystic? What sources might you use if you were trying to create a
documentary about the early colonies? Do you think this documentary offers a
balanced and informed view of the massacre? Discuss.
Tales/stories/lore/journals of the surviving tribes such as the Narragansett of the Mohicans. Perhaps they had records or personal booklets of those Puritans who burned the Pequot village. This Tall Oak fellow might have a few stories that have been passed down through many generations from his elders that managed to escape the horrible event.
12. How did the massacre at Mystic change the United States?
[It gave us casinos!] It provided the colonists with a solution to the natives taking up space in the new world. They could easily commit genocide, freeing up the land that had been occupied by the Pequot people, allowing the settlements to grow/prosper.
Happened in 1637
May 26, 1637
Turning Point: John Oldum being murdered and it being blamed on the Pequot.
Sunday 18 September 2011
Stuff we did when Fielding was missing...
8. Why did the colonial population grow rapidly?
Because they had a big industry in farming tobacco in 1619. This caused a big jump in the population because people thought the opportunity to get rich was too good to pass up so they all flocked to the new world, bringing families and slaves with them.
9. What differences existed between the Tidewater planters and the backcountry farmers of the South?
The soil, the yield, the amount of profit that was made by exporting their product.
10. What was the Great Awakening?
An increase in religious activities and 'enthusiasm' throughout the colonies.
11. What immigrant groups settled in Pennsylvania?
The Quakers led by William Penn. Others flocked to the colony once they spread the word of being a place where any religion could be practiced freely.
12. How did the soil in the Middle Colonies differ from that in New England? What did that mean for the two regions?
It was better suited for agriculture and had better climate. This meant New England could only grow enough to get by for themselves, and the Middle Colonies could afford to harvest a little extra to sell/export to gain a little extra profit.
13. What was the Iroquois Confederacy?
A enormously powerful group of allied native tribes in the New England Colonial region. They protected each other from rival tribes and banded together to share goods, weapons, and knowledge. The members were the Seneca, Mohawk, Oneida, Onandaga, and Cayuga, but the Tuscarora joined them later in 1720.
14. What was England's reason for the Navigation Acts?
To prevent other countries from trading with the American Colonies so England could have total control over colonial development and structure.
15. What was the Enlightenment?
A cultural movement that sought to advance knowledge in the masses. They felt that this could make society better and produce better, smarter people who would observe nature, solve problems, and invent beneficial things that contributed to American life.
16. What North American Land claims were the French forced to give up in the treaty of Paris?
Canada and a large portion of the lands that fell east of the Mississippi River.
17. Why did the Proclamation of 1763 cause friction?
Because the Appalachians being the western boundary, made people who owned land or had invested in land past that landmark lose out. They got even more angry when England refused to answer them when they were asking for their land back. This influenced a big chunk of the tension that boiled over leading to the Revolution.
Because they had a big industry in farming tobacco in 1619. This caused a big jump in the population because people thought the opportunity to get rich was too good to pass up so they all flocked to the new world, bringing families and slaves with them.
9. What differences existed between the Tidewater planters and the backcountry farmers of the South?
The soil, the yield, the amount of profit that was made by exporting their product.
10. What was the Great Awakening?
An increase in religious activities and 'enthusiasm' throughout the colonies.
11. What immigrant groups settled in Pennsylvania?
The Quakers led by William Penn. Others flocked to the colony once they spread the word of being a place where any religion could be practiced freely.
12. How did the soil in the Middle Colonies differ from that in New England? What did that mean for the two regions?
It was better suited for agriculture and had better climate. This meant New England could only grow enough to get by for themselves, and the Middle Colonies could afford to harvest a little extra to sell/export to gain a little extra profit.
13. What was the Iroquois Confederacy?
A enormously powerful group of allied native tribes in the New England Colonial region. They protected each other from rival tribes and banded together to share goods, weapons, and knowledge. The members were the Seneca, Mohawk, Oneida, Onandaga, and Cayuga, but the Tuscarora joined them later in 1720.
14. What was England's reason for the Navigation Acts?
To prevent other countries from trading with the American Colonies so England could have total control over colonial development and structure.
15. What was the Enlightenment?
A cultural movement that sought to advance knowledge in the masses. They felt that this could make society better and produce better, smarter people who would observe nature, solve problems, and invent beneficial things that contributed to American life.
16. What North American Land claims were the French forced to give up in the treaty of Paris?
Canada and a large portion of the lands that fell east of the Mississippi River.
17. Why did the Proclamation of 1763 cause friction?
Because the Appalachians being the western boundary, made people who owned land or had invested in land past that landmark lose out. They got even more angry when England refused to answer them when they were asking for their land back. This influenced a big chunk of the tension that boiled over leading to the Revolution.
Wednesday 14 September 2011
THE TOOSDAY Study Questions...
1. Use each of these terms in a sentence that will help explain its meaning: SUBSISTENCE FARMING, TRIANGULAR TRADE, CASH CROP.
"My family owns such little land in this quaint pasture in Massachusetts. We really wish we could make money off the land, but we are limited to subsistence farming which keeps us fed. If only we had the space to grow a cash crop and get involved with the triangular trade, then we'd be very wealthy and I could pay for my son and daughters' college tuition."
2. Identify the various economic activities carried on in the Middle Colonies.
Farming, while hugely important in all colonies, was far more successful in the Middle Colonies than in New England. The Middle Colonies were also great ports to transport/export their cash crops such as wheat over to England, Africa, or the West Indies.
3. How did New England's natural resources help its commerce?
Their water resources helped power their mills for producing grain and lumber. There was also a lot of space to set up small business for experienced craftspeople. Shipbuilding was nice with the nearby forests providing an abundance of wood. Fish were very plentiful as well giving New England a big fishing economy.
4. How did farming in New England compare with farming in the Southern Colonies? Usa a chart like the one below to answer the question.
Differences:
NEW ENGLAND: Smaller farms, many colonists relied on their children to do labour, farmed for sustaining families
SOUTHERN: Bigger farms, more slaves, farmed for profit/trade
5. How do you think plantation owners in Southern Colonies justified their use of enslaved Africans?
The slaves had been part of their culture and contributed to the success of the economy by producing the crops for them in mass quantities. Without them, there wouldn't be such a big, strong Southern export trade.
The slaves had been part of their culture and contributed to the success of the economy by producing the crops for them in mass quantities. Without them, there wouldn't be such a big, strong Southern export trade.
6. Study the map on page 103. What goods were traded from the British Colonies to Great Britain? From West Indies to the British Colonies?
~Colonies to Britain~ --> Rice, Tobacco, Indigo, and Furs.
~West Indies to Colonies~ --> Goods and Molasses
Friday 9 September 2011
History Class notes (Tried to write what I could of the others...)
DONOVAN'S
Columbus was financed by the king and queen of Spain after being turned down by the kings of Portugal, England, and France. Columbus set sail on August 3, 1492 from Palos, Spain on the Santa maria, Nina and the Pinta. At 2:00 am in October 12, Columbus spotted what he assumed was the indies. In ????, Columbus discovered the Arawak's tobacco farming. The discovery of tobacco was extremely important to the English colonies due to the profit that kept them alive and fueled the search for new land. Columbus left volunteers in the New World whilst he sailed back to Spain. Columbus's arrival also marked the beginning of one of the cruelest episodes in human history. Due to columbus's obsession for gold, he quickly enslaved the local population. After constantinople's fall in 1453, the spice route ended that served the economic lifeline for Mediterranean Europe. Europe's currency changed to gold after while emerging form the middle ages. Led by Prince Henry the Navigator, he and two other great Exploreres (Dias, and Pico de Gama) navigated a sear route to the Indies. The flat earth idea ceased by the time Columbus had sailed. In order to reach the Indies, Columbus estimated he would have to sail 3,000 miles but in reality, he would've had to fly 10,600 miles. The true discoverer of the Americas was Leif Eriksson in 1000 A.D. 500 years before Columbus,
On December 20, 1606, 104 colonists left port aboard three ships, Susan, Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, under captain John Newport. The crew reached Chesapeake Bay in May of 1607 and founded Jamestown. In a few months, 51 of the party were dead, crazed, many of the remaining colonists deserted to the Indians and even resorted to cannibalism.
In 1619, women are sent over from England, the Virginia Company and Governor Yeardley of Virginia summoned an elected legislative assembly --> the House of Burgesses which met in Jamestown that year. Portugal was most likely the the first colony to enslave African-Americans. By the 1600s everyone was enslaving blacks. The protestant Reformation played a crucial role in the split of the Roman-Catholic church and the colonization of many colonies as it did when Queen Elizabeth ruled. The Mayflower Compact is rightly considered the first written constitution in North America. Under the rules of Massasoit, the Indians became loyal friends to the Pilgrims and it was Massasoit's braves who were invited to the October feast.
JAMESTOWN: Founded by the Virginia Company in 1607. Worked by wealthy men not used to working. So many of them died due to the change in lifestyle.
1619: Women, slaves, and self-government
Plymouth Rock: 1620
Tobacco is very important and was discovered in about 1555, pertinent to survival especially to the Jamestown and like colonies. United States is somewhat founded on tobacco.
In 1492 Columbus sort of discovered America
August 3rd 1492 Columbus sailed out of Spain with three ships (duh)
October 12 the crew threatened to mutiny aboard the Pinta when a lookout named Rodrigo sighted moonlight shimmering on some cliffs
MANDA'S
Leif Eriksson reached America and established a colony around 1000 AD
Vinland is present day Newfoundland
Giovanni Caboto (John cabot)
People arrived America 30-40 thousand years ago.
People cam over from Russia over the land bridge to Alaska.
Seeking warmer climate the moved south killing the mamoth along the way.
When columbus arrived there were millions of first Americans
They were divided into hundreds of tribal societies the most advanced being
Had the English not defeated the Spanish Armada they would never have come over to the new world and aided in the discovery of America.
1499 Amerigo Vespucci sailed for South America and landed in the Amazon.
1585 Sir Walter Raleigh tried to establish a colony on a Roanoke Island.
1586 Sir Francis Drake found the colonist hungry and went back to England to fetch supplies.
1590 Raliegh returned to Roanoke and no one was there.
1605 Two groups of merchants formed the joint stock company and petitioned King James 1. for the right to colonize Virginia.
The virginia company of London was given southern Virginia
Plymouth company got northern Virginia
They were looking for gold, silver, and copper.
December 20, 1607, 104 colonists left Engliand under Captain John Newport and reached Chesapeake Bay in May, 1607 and founded Jamestown.
Captian John Smith joined Bartholomew Gasnold in 1605 to venture into Virginia.
John Rolfe married Pocahontas which created peace between the Natives and Jamestwon.
In 1612 Rolf crossed Virginia tobacco with a seed from a milder Jamaican leaf.
House of burgesses founded in 1619.
Mayflower Compact - First written constitution in North America
Squanto saved the settlers from starvation in the following spring after their arrival.
Samoset helped the Pilgrims make peace with Massasoit and the Wampanoag.
1630 John Winthrop established Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1634 200 settlers arrive at Chesapeake Bay and found St. Mary's in Maryland.
1682 William Penn founded Pennsylvania
Founded to be a safe haven for the Quakers.
1607 Virginia (Jamestown)
1620/1630 Massachusetts Bay Colony plymouth was founded in 1620 mass as a whole was founded in 1630.
Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec in 1608.
Founded colonies:
1626 New York
1633 Maryland
1636 Rhode Island
1636 Connecticut
1638 Delware
1638 New Hampshire
1653 North Carolina
1663 South Carolina
1682 Pennsylvania
1664 New Jersey
1732 Georgia
JADE'S
OMG!
1492 sailed
Spain was fueled by an appetite for gold and fear of Portugals lead in exploration.
Columbus kept a reward which did not belong to him for spotting land.
Land was Samana Cay
Only gold found was in the earrings worn by the Natives
Enslaved Arawaks
Europe Thirsty For
Ponce De Leon first Euro, to set foot on future land.
America Named after Amerigo Vespucci - an Italian sailor/explorer.
Europeans killed 90% by disease in the name of progress.
1576 Sir Humphrey first used the term NW Passage to describe a sea routh around North America as he continued to search for a route to China
1612 - John Rolfe brought tobacco
1619 - Women, self-government, slaves in Jamestown.
Land owning white males composed a council of law with a governor at its head.
Lured byu prospect of land 6000 came over in 1624.
Starting of Slave Trade: Portugal had 10 black slaves, 50 years before Columbus.
Spain became a major trader.
20 Africans brought over to Jamestown by Dutch slaver ship.
1630: John Winthrope Founded Massachusetts.
1 year after Burgesses first met, the pilgrims founded the second permanent English settlement.
Ghristopher Jones captain of Mayflower did not folllow the correct path, followed a more Westernly route.
Perotestant Reformation in England meant turbulent religious times.
Some English were catholic, others were not.
Puritans through Church of England was too close to Rome so they separeated.
Pilgrim really land at plymouth rock.
Brief exploration of Cape Cod then continued on.
Found a broad round harbor they recognized from John Smith's maps.
December 16 the Mayflower passengers reached their new home.
No Mention of Plymouth Rock in any historical account.
At least 100 years later the rock was carved.
Who started NY: Dutch founded New Netherland in the Hudson Valley. Hudson himself was in explorer in 1609 who staked claims was looking for NW Pssage.
French Reached America: Temporary settlements in New Foundland
Blog Questions:
1. Trade route to India for spices.
2. Because it would be a huge boost in the economy and create a respectable amount of wealth.
3. It caused turmoil towards traders in the Holy land which caused many traders and explorers to venture west to avoid Jerusalem and Israel and do trade with China/Japan in order to escape taxation and ridicule when journeying towards the Oriental territories.
4. It saved Jamestown/Virginia colonies, because they sold the crops to England and it really boosted the economy and increased the settlement size, by bringing more Europeans that come over to work, as well as African slaves. It also acts as currency for a short time in the earl colonies. Women are bought in pounds of tobacco in 1619. People realize that they can get free land and make money of of this wonder-crop.
5. The Mayflower Compact, the House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.
They need to set up self-government because they really don't want to be controlled by the King royalty. Sending messages over the sea thousands of miles was a really inefficient way to rule people. There was too much of a delay, so laws and order needed to be in place for people to stick together in a structured manner so that they can work together and make their colony prosperous.
6. Some colonies, particularly Pennsylvania were founded on the idea of freedom of religion and tolerance of all faiths. These places were sought after as a refuge by many people, especially those who were prosecuted in England.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Columbus was financed by the king and queen of Spain after being turned down by the kings of Portugal, England, and France. Columbus set sail on August 3, 1492 from Palos, Spain on the Santa maria, Nina and the Pinta. At 2:00 am in October 12, Columbus spotted what he assumed was the indies. In ????, Columbus discovered the Arawak's tobacco farming. The discovery of tobacco was extremely important to the English colonies due to the profit that kept them alive and fueled the search for new land. Columbus left volunteers in the New World whilst he sailed back to Spain. Columbus's arrival also marked the beginning of one of the cruelest episodes in human history. Due to columbus's obsession for gold, he quickly enslaved the local population. After constantinople's fall in 1453, the spice route ended that served the economic lifeline for Mediterranean Europe. Europe's currency changed to gold after while emerging form the middle ages. Led by Prince Henry the Navigator, he and two other great Exploreres (Dias, and Pico de Gama) navigated a sear route to the Indies. The flat earth idea ceased by the time Columbus had sailed. In order to reach the Indies, Columbus estimated he would have to sail 3,000 miles but in reality, he would've had to fly 10,600 miles. The true discoverer of the Americas was Leif Eriksson in 1000 A.D. 500 years before Columbus,
On December 20, 1606, 104 colonists left port aboard three ships, Susan, Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, under captain John Newport. The crew reached Chesapeake Bay in May of 1607 and founded Jamestown. In a few months, 51 of the party were dead, crazed, many of the remaining colonists deserted to the Indians and even resorted to cannibalism.
In 1619, women are sent over from England, the Virginia Company and Governor Yeardley of Virginia summoned an elected legislative assembly --> the House of Burgesses which met in Jamestown that year. Portugal was most likely the the first colony to enslave African-Americans. By the 1600s everyone was enslaving blacks. The protestant Reformation played a crucial role in the split of the Roman-Catholic church and the colonization of many colonies as it did when Queen Elizabeth ruled. The Mayflower Compact is rightly considered the first written constitution in North America. Under the rules of Massasoit, the Indians became loyal friends to the Pilgrims and it was Massasoit's braves who were invited to the October feast.
JAMESTOWN: Founded by the Virginia Company in 1607. Worked by wealthy men not used to working. So many of them died due to the change in lifestyle.
1619: Women, slaves, and self-government
Plymouth Rock: 1620
Tobacco is very important and was discovered in about 1555, pertinent to survival especially to the Jamestown and like colonies. United States is somewhat founded on tobacco.
In 1492 Columbus sort of discovered America
August 3rd 1492 Columbus sailed out of Spain with three ships (duh)
October 12 the crew threatened to mutiny aboard the Pinta when a lookout named Rodrigo sighted moonlight shimmering on some cliffs
MANDA'S
Leif Eriksson reached America and established a colony around 1000 AD
Vinland is present day Newfoundland
Giovanni Caboto (John cabot)
People arrived America 30-40 thousand years ago.
People cam over from Russia over the land bridge to Alaska.
Seeking warmer climate the moved south killing the mamoth along the way.
When columbus arrived there were millions of first Americans
They were divided into hundreds of tribal societies the most advanced being
Had the English not defeated the Spanish Armada they would never have come over to the new world and aided in the discovery of America.
1499 Amerigo Vespucci sailed for South America and landed in the Amazon.
1585 Sir Walter Raleigh tried to establish a colony on a Roanoke Island.
1586 Sir Francis Drake found the colonist hungry and went back to England to fetch supplies.
1590 Raliegh returned to Roanoke and no one was there.
1605 Two groups of merchants formed the joint stock company and petitioned King James 1. for the right to colonize Virginia.
The virginia company of London was given southern Virginia
Plymouth company got northern Virginia
They were looking for gold, silver, and copper.
December 20, 1607, 104 colonists left Engliand under Captain John Newport and reached Chesapeake Bay in May, 1607 and founded Jamestown.
Captian John Smith joined Bartholomew Gasnold in 1605 to venture into Virginia.
John Rolfe married Pocahontas which created peace between the Natives and Jamestwon.
In 1612 Rolf crossed Virginia tobacco with a seed from a milder Jamaican leaf.
House of burgesses founded in 1619.
Mayflower Compact - First written constitution in North America
Squanto saved the settlers from starvation in the following spring after their arrival.
Samoset helped the Pilgrims make peace with Massasoit and the Wampanoag.
1630 John Winthrop established Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1634 200 settlers arrive at Chesapeake Bay and found St. Mary's in Maryland.
1682 William Penn founded Pennsylvania
Founded to be a safe haven for the Quakers.
1607 Virginia (Jamestown)
1620/1630 Massachusetts Bay Colony plymouth was founded in 1620 mass as a whole was founded in 1630.
Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec in 1608.
Founded colonies:
1626 New York
1633 Maryland
1636 Rhode Island
1636 Connecticut
1638 Delware
1638 New Hampshire
1653 North Carolina
1663 South Carolina
1682 Pennsylvania
1664 New Jersey
1732 Georgia
JADE'S
OMG!
1492 sailed
Spain was fueled by an appetite for gold and fear of Portugals lead in exploration.
Columbus kept a reward which did not belong to him for spotting land.
Land was Samana Cay
Only gold found was in the earrings worn by the Natives
Enslaved Arawaks
Europe Thirsty For
Ponce De Leon first Euro, to set foot on future land.
America Named after Amerigo Vespucci - an Italian sailor/explorer.
Europeans killed 90% by disease in the name of progress.
1576 Sir Humphrey first used the term NW Passage to describe a sea routh around North America as he continued to search for a route to China
1612 - John Rolfe brought tobacco
1619 - Women, self-government, slaves in Jamestown.
Land owning white males composed a council of law with a governor at its head.
Lured byu prospect of land 6000 came over in 1624.
Starting of Slave Trade: Portugal had 10 black slaves, 50 years before Columbus.
Spain became a major trader.
20 Africans brought over to Jamestown by Dutch slaver ship.
1630: John Winthrope Founded Massachusetts.
1 year after Burgesses first met, the pilgrims founded the second permanent English settlement.
Ghristopher Jones captain of Mayflower did not folllow the correct path, followed a more Westernly route.
Perotestant Reformation in England meant turbulent religious times.
Some English were catholic, others were not.
Puritans through Church of England was too close to Rome so they separeated.
Pilgrim really land at plymouth rock.
Brief exploration of Cape Cod then continued on.
Found a broad round harbor they recognized from John Smith's maps.
December 16 the Mayflower passengers reached their new home.
No Mention of Plymouth Rock in any historical account.
At least 100 years later the rock was carved.
Who started NY: Dutch founded New Netherland in the Hudson Valley. Hudson himself was in explorer in 1609 who staked claims was looking for NW Pssage.
French Reached America: Temporary settlements in New Foundland
Blog Questions:
1. Trade route to India for spices.
2. Because it would be a huge boost in the economy and create a respectable amount of wealth.
3. It caused turmoil towards traders in the Holy land which caused many traders and explorers to venture west to avoid Jerusalem and Israel and do trade with China/Japan in order to escape taxation and ridicule when journeying towards the Oriental territories.
4. It saved Jamestown/Virginia colonies, because they sold the crops to England and it really boosted the economy and increased the settlement size, by bringing more Europeans that come over to work, as well as African slaves. It also acts as currency for a short time in the earl colonies. Women are bought in pounds of tobacco in 1619. People realize that they can get free land and make money of of this wonder-crop.
5. The Mayflower Compact, the House of Burgesses, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.
They need to set up self-government because they really don't want to be controlled by the King royalty. Sending messages over the sea thousands of miles was a really inefficient way to rule people. There was too much of a delay, so laws and order needed to be in place for people to stick together in a structured manner so that they can work together and make their colony prosperous.
6. Some colonies, particularly Pennsylvania were founded on the idea of freedom of religion and tolerance of all faiths. These places were sought after as a refuge by many people, especially those who were prosecuted in England.
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